Mycobacterium theory regarding pathogenesis of Takayasu’s arteritis: Numerous unsolved dilemmas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15305/ijrci/v3i1/134Keywords:
Key words, - Takayasu's arteritis Tuberculosis Tuberculosis Histology Molecular mimicryAbstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Takayasu’s arteritis (TA), but there is no direct evidence substantiating the association. Several cases series and laboratory studies provide indirect evidence on the role of Mtb and other related species in the immunopathogenesis of TA. This association could be explained by the molecular mimicry between mycobacterium heat shock protein (mHSP 65) and the human homologue (hHSP60) driving immune response in TA. Two different histopathological studies that have evaluated the presence of mycobacteria in aortic tissue have reported contradictory results. This may be due to regional differences in the prevalence of Mtb, ethnicity, and study methodology. Recent progress in identifying susceptibility genes and study of TNFα-308 gene polymorphism has opened up new avenues for research on mycobacterium theory. Based on the currently available data, three different models have been proposed. Among these, two models favor the mycobacterium theory, while one does not. Transcriptomic and proteomic studies of mycobacteria could help in identifying specific or common traits of mycobacteria that are relevant to the development and reactivation of TA.
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